Lithium Enrichment and Isotopic Variation in Minerals from Peridotite Xenoliths from Northwestern Ethiopian Plateau
Authors
-
State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 9825, Beijing 100029
Melesse Alemayehu -
State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 9825, Beijing 100029
Hong-Fu Zhang
-
Department of Earth Science, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 58, Legon Accra
Patrick Asamoah Sakyi
-
Division of Engineering Geology and Water Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 9825, Beijing 100029
Muhammed Haji
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-018-0825-xAbstract
We report Lithium (Li) concentrations and isotopic compositions for co-existing olivine, orthopyroxene (opx), and clinopyroxene (cpx) mineral separates from depleted and metasomatised peridotite xenoliths hosted by basaltic lavas from northwestern Ethiopian plateau (Gundeweyn area). The peridotites contain five lherzolites and one harzburgite and are variably depleted and enriched in LREE relative to HREE. In both depleted and enriched lherzolites, Li is preferentially incorporated into olivine (2.4-3.3 ppm) compared to opx (1.4-2.1 ppm) and cpx (1.4- 2.0 ppm) whereas the Li contents of olivines (5.4 ppm) from an enriched harzburgiteare higher than those of lherzolites. Olivines from the samples show higher Li abundances than normal mantle olivines (1.6-1.9 ppm) indicating the occurrence of Li enrichments through melt-preroditite interaction. The average δ7 Li values range from +2.2 to +6.0"° in olivine, from -0.1 to +2.0"° in opx and from -4.4 to -0.9"° in cpx from the lherzolites. The Li isotopic composition (3.5"°) of olivines from harzburgite fall within the range of olivine from lherzolites but the opxs show low in d7Li (-2.0"°). Overall Li isotopic compositions of olivines from the peridotites fall within the range of normal mantle olivine, δ7Li values of ~+4±2"° within uncertainty, reflecting metasomatism (enrichment) of the peridotites by isotopically heavy Li-rich asthenospheric melt. Li isotope zonation is also observed in most peridotite minerals. Majority of olivine grains display isotopically heavy cores and light rims and the reverse case is observed for some olivine grains. Orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene grains show irregular distribution in δ7Li. These features of Li isotopic compositions within and between grains in the samples reflect the effect of diffusion-driven isotopic fractionation during meltperidotite interaction and cooling processes.
Downloads
Metrics
Issue
Section
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
References
Ackerman, L., SpaCek, P., Magna, T., Ulrych, J., Svojtka, M., Hegner, E., Balogh, K. (2013) Alkaline and carbonate-rich melt metasomatism and melting of sub-continental lithospheric mantle: Evidence from mantle xenoliths, NE Bavaria, Bohemian Massif. Jour. Petrol., v.54, pp.2597– 2633
Agostini, S., Ryan, J.G., Tonarini, S., Innocenti, F. (2008) Drying anddying of a subducted slab: coupled Li and B isotope variations in Western Anatolia Cenozoic Volcanism. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.272, pp.139–147
Alemayehu, M., Zhang, H.F., Zhu, B., Fentie, B., Abraham, A., Haji, M. (2016a) Petrological constraints on evolution of continental lithospheric mantle beneath the northwestern Ethiopian plateau: Insight from mantle xenoliths from the Gundeweyn area, East Gojam, Ethiopia. Lithos, v.240-243, pp.295–308
Alemayehu, M., Zhang, H.F., Sakyi, P.A. (2016b) Nature and evolution of lithospheric mantle beneath the southern Ethiopian rift zone: Evidence from petrology and geochemistry of mantle xenoliths. Internat. Jour. Earth Sci., DOI: 10.1007/s00531-016-1342-z
Alemayehu, M., Zhang, H. and Aulbach, S. (2016c) Evolution and persistence of fertile lithospheric mantle beneath the northwestern Ethiopian plateau: Evidence from petrography and chemical composition of mantle xenoliths from Gundeweyn. Tectonophysics, v.__, pp.
Alemayehu, M., Zhang, H.F., Aulbach, S. (2016d) Evaluation of mantle processesin an extensional regime: Evidence from in-situ O and Sr isotope systematics of mantle xenoliths from Ethiopia. Jour. Geol., v.124, pp.603– 616
Anders, E., Grevesse, N. (1989) Abundances of the elements: meteoritic and solar. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.53, pp.197–214
Aulbach, S., Rudnick, R.L. (2009) Origins of non-equilibrium lithiumisotope fractionation in xenolithic peridotite minerals: examples from Tanzania. Chem. Geol., v.258, pp.17–27
Aulbach, S., Rudnick, R.L., McDonough, W.F. (2008) Li-Sr-Nd isotope signatures of the plume and cratonic lithospheric mantle beneath the margin of the rifted Tanzanian craton (Labait). Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.155, pp.79–92
Ayalew, D., Arndt, N., Bastien, F., Yirgu, G., Kieffer, B. (2009) A new mantle xenolith locality from Simien shield volcano, NW Ethiopia. Geol. Magz., v.146, pp.144–149
Ayalew, D., Yirgu, G., Ketefo, E., Barbey, P., Ludden, J. (2003) Intrusive equivalents of food volcanics: Evidence from petrology of xenoliths in Quaternary Tana basanites Ethiopia. Ethiopian Jour. Sci., v.26, pp.93– 102
Baker, B.H., Mohr, P., Williams, R.A.J. (1972) Geology of the Eastern Rift System of Africa. Geology, v.100, pp.200–211
Baker, J., Thirlwall, M., Menzies, M. (1996) Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic and trace element evidence for crustal contamination of plume derived flood basalts; Oligocene flood volcanism in western Yemen. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.60, pp.2559–2581
Beccaluva, L., Bianchini, G., Natali, C., Siena, F. (2009) Continental Flood Basalts and Mantle Plumes: a Case Study of the Northern Ethiopian Plateau. Jour. Petrol., v.50, pp.1377–1403
Beccaluva, L., Bianchini, G., Ellam, R.M., Natali C., Santato, A., Siena, F., Stuart, F.M. (2011) Peridotite xenoliths from Ethiopia: inferences on mantle processes from plume to rift settings. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Papers, v.478, pp. 77–104
Beck, P., Chaussidon, M., Barrat, J.A., Gillet, P., Bohn, M. (2006) Diffusion induced Li isotopic fractionation during the cooling of magmaticrocks: the case of pyroxene phenocrysts from nakhlite meteorites. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, v.70, pp.4813–4825
Bedini, R.M., Bodinier, J.L. (1999) Distribution of incompatible trace elements between the constituents of spinel peridotite xenoliths: ICP-MS data from the East African Rift. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.63, pp.3883–3900
Bedini, R.M., Bodinier, J.L., Dautria, J.M., Morten, L. (1997)Evolution of LILE enriched small melt fractions in the lithospheric mantle: a case study from the East African Rift. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.153, pp.67–83
Bell, D.R., Hervig, R.L., Buseck, P.R. (2005) Li-isotope studies of olivinein mantle xenoliths by SIMS. Abstract, Lunar Planet. Sci., v.XXXVI, League City.
Berckhemer, H., Bartelsen, H., Behle, A., Burkhardt, H., Gebrande, H., Makris, J., Menzel, H., Miller, H., Vees, R. (1975)Deep seismic soundings in the Afar region and on the high land of Ethiopia. In: A. Pilger and A. Eoesler (Eds.), Afar Depression of Ethiopia. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, pp.89–107.
Bianchini, G., Julia, G., Bryce, J.G., Blichert-Toft, J., Beccaluva, L., Natali, C. (2014) Mantle dynamics and secular variations beneath the East African Rift:Insights from peridotite xenoliths (Mega, Ethiopia). Chem. Geol., v.386, pp.49–58.
Bouman, C., Elliott, T., Vroon, P.Z. (2004) Lithium inputs to subductionzones. Chem. Geol., v.212, pp.59–79.
Brenan, J.M., Neroda, E., Lundstrom, C.C., Shaw, H.F., Ryerson, F.J., Phinney, D.L. (1998) Behaviour of boron, beryllium and Lithium duringmelting and crystallization: constraints from mineral-melt partitioningexperiments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.62, pp.2129–2141.
Brooker, R.A., Jamesl, R.H., Blundy, J.D. (2004) Trace elements and Liisotope systematics in Zabargad peridotites: evidence of ancientsubduction processes in the Red Sea mantle. Chem. Geol., v.212, pp.179–204.
Caciagli, N., Brenan, J.M., McDonough, W.F., Phinney, D. (2011) Mineralfluid partitioning of lithium and implications for slab-mantle interaction. Chem. Geol., v.280, pp.384–398.
Chan, L.H., Edmond, J.M. (1988) Variations of lithium isotope compositionin the marine environment: a preliminary report. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.52, pp.1711–1717.
Chan, L.H., Frey, F.A. (2003) Lithium isotope geochemistry of theHawaiian plume: results from the Hawaii Scientific DrillingProject and Koolau volcano. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. doi:10.1029/2002GC000365
Chan, L.H., Kastner, M. (2000) Lithium isotopic compositions of pore fluids and sediments in the Costa Rica subduction zone: implications for fluids processes and sediments contribution to the arc volcanoes. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.183, pp.275–290.
Chan, L.H., Edmond, J.M., Thompson, G., Gillis, K. (1992) Lithiumisotopic composition of submarine basalts-implications for thelithium cycle in the oceans. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.108, pp.151–160.
Chan, L.H., Gieskes, J.M., You, C.F., Edmond, J.M. (1994) Lithium isotope geochemistry of sediments and hydrothermal fluids of the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.58, pp.4443–4454.
Chan, L.H., Alt, J.C., Teagle, D.A.H. (2002a) Lithium and lithium isotope profiles through the upper oceanic crust: a study of seawater basalt exchange at ODP sites 504B and 896A. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.201, pp.187–201
Chan, L.H., Leeman, W.P., You, C.F. (2002b) Lithium isotopic compositionof Central American volcanic arc lavas: implications formodification of subarc mantle by slab-derived fluids: correction. Chem. Geol., v.182, pp.293–300
Chan, L.H., Lassiter, J.C., Hauri, E.H., Hart, S.R., Blusztajn, J. (2009) Lithium isotope systematics of lavas from the Cook-Austral Islands: constraints on the origin of HIMU mantle. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.277, pp.433– 442.
Coltorti, M., Bonadiman, C., Hinton, R.W., Siena, F., Upton, B.G.J. (1999) Carbonatite metasomatism of the oceanic upper mantle: evidence from clinopyroxenes and glasses in ultramafic xenoliths of Grande Comore, Indian Ocean. Jour. Petrol., v.40, pp.133–165
Coogan, L.A., Kasemann, S.A., Chakraborty, S. (2005) Rates of hydrothermal cooling of new oceanic upper crust derived from lithium-geospeedometry. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.240, pp.415–424
Coogan, L.A. (2011) Preliminary experimental determination of the partitioning oflithium between plagioclase crystals of different anorthite contents. Lithos, v.125, pp.711–715
Conticelli, S., Sintoni, M.F., Abebe, T., Mazzarini, F., Manetti, P. (1999) Petrology and geochemistry of ultramafic xenoliths and host lavas from Ethiopian volcanic province; an insight into the upper mantle under eastern Africa. Acta Vulcanol., v.11, pp.143–151
Courtillot, V., Davaille, A., Besse, J., Joann (2003) Three distinct types of hot spots in the Earth's mantle. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.205, pp.295–308
Dawson, J.B. (1984) Contrasting types of upper mantle metasomatism? In: Kornprobst, J. (Ed.), Kimberlites II. Elsevier Amster, no.11, pp.519–548
Decitre, S.E., Deloule, E., Reisberg, L., James, R., Agrinier, P., Me´vel, C.(2001) Behavior of Li and its isotopes during serpentinization ofoceanic peridotites. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., v.2, pp.178
Dohmen, R., Kasemann, S.A., Coogan, L., Chakraborty, S. (2010) Diffusion of Li inolivine. Part I: Experimental observations and a multi species diffusion model. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.74, pp.274–292
Ebinger, C., Bechtel, C., Forsyth, D., Bowin, C. (1989) Effective elasticplate thickness beneath the east African and Afar plateaus anddynamic compensation for the uplifts. Jour. Geophys. Res., v.94, pp.2883–2901
Ebinger, C.J., Yemane, T., Weldable, G., Agonising, J.L., Walter, R.C. (1993) Late Eocene-Recent volcanism and faulting in the southern main Ethiopian rift. Jour. Geol. Soc. London, v.50, pp.99–108
Ebinger, C.J., Sleep, N.H. (1998) Cenozoic magmatism throughout East Africa resulting from impact of a single plume. Nature, v.395, pp.788–790
Eggins, S.M., Rudnick, R.L., McDonough, W.F. (1998)The composition of peridotites and their minerals: a laser-ablation ICP-MS study. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.154, pp.53–71
Ferrando, S., Frezzotti, M.L., Neumann, E.R., Astis, D.G., Peccerillo, A., Dereje, A., Gezahegn, Y., Teklewold, A. (2007) Composition and thermal structure of the lithosphere beneath the Ethiopian plateau: evidence from mantle xenoliths in basanites, Injibara, Lake Tana Province. Mineral. Petrol., v.93, pp.47–78
Flesh, G.D., Anderson, A.R., Svec, H.J. (1973) Asecondary isotopicstandard for 7Li/6Li determination. Internat. Jour Mass Spectrom. Ion. Phys., v.12, pp.265–272
Frezzotti, M.L., Ferrando, S., Peccerillo, A., Petrelli, M., Tecce, F., Perucchi, A. (2010) Chlorine-rich metasomatic H2O-CO2 fluids in amphibolebearing peridotites from Injibara (Lake Tana region, Ethiopian plateau): Nature and evolution of volatiles in the mantle of a region of continental flood basalts. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.74, pp.3023–3039
Furman, T., Graham, D. (1999) Erosion of lithospheric mantle beneath the East African Rift system: Geochemical evidence from the Kivu volcanic province. Lithos, v.48, pp.237–262
Furman, T., Kaleta, K., Bryce, J., Hanan, B.B. (2006) Tertiary Mafic Lavas of Turkana, Kenya: Constraints on East African Plume Structure and the Occurrence of High-micro Volcanism in Africa. Jour. Petrol., v.47, pp.1221–1244
Gallagher, K., Elliott, T. (2009) Fractionation of lithium isotopes inmagmatic systems as a natural consequence of cooling. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.278, pp.286–296
Gao, S., Rudnick, R., Carlson, R.W., McDonough, W.F., Liu, Y.S. (2002) ReOs evidence for replacement of ancient mantle lithosphere beneath the North China Craton. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.198, pp.307–322
George, R., Rogers, N., Kelley. S. (1998) Earliest magmatism in Ethiopia: evidence for two mantle plumes in one flood basalt province. Geology, v.26, pp.923–926
George, R., Rogers, N. (2002) Plume dynamics beneath the African plate inferred from the geochemistry of the Tertiary basalts ofsouthern Ethiopia. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.144, pp.286–304
Halama, R., Savov, I.P., Rudnick, R.L., McDonough, W.F. (2009) Insights into Li and Li isotope cycling and sub-arc metasomatism from veined mantle xenoliths, Kamchatka. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.158(2), pp.197– 222
Ionov, D.A., Seitz, H.M. (2008) Lithium abundances and isotopic compositions in mantle xenoliths from subduction and intra-plate settings: mantle sources vs. eruption histories. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.266, pp.316–331
James, R.H., Rudnicki, M.D., Palmer, M.R. (1999) The alkali element andboron geochemistry of the Escanaba Trough sediment-hostedhydrothermal system. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.171, pp.157–169
Jeffcoate, A.B., Elliott, T. (2003) Tracing recycled Li in the mantle:insights intomantle heterogeneities. EOS Trans. AGU, v.84, pp.V52A–0416
Jeffcoate, A.B., Elliott, T., Kasemann, S.A., Ionov, D., Cooper, K., BrookerR (2007) Li isotope fractionation in peridotites and mafic melts. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.71, pp.202–218
Kaeser, B., Olker, B., Kalt, A., Altherr, R., Pettke, T. (2009) Pyroxenite xenoliths from Marsabit (Northern Kenya): evidence for different magmatic events in the lithospheric mantle and interaction between peridotite and pyroxenite. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.157, pp.453–472
Kampunzu, A.B., Mohr, P. (1991) Magmatic evolution and petrogenesis in the East African Rift System.In: Kampunzu, A.B., Lubala, R.T. (eds) Magmatism in extensional structural settings. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp.85–136
Kaliwoda, M., Ludwig, T., Altherr, R. (2008) A new SIMS study of Li, Be, B and δ7Li in mantle xenoliths from Harrat Uwayrid (SaudiArabia). Lithos, v.106(3–4), pp.261–279
Kieffer, B., Arndt, N., Lapierre, H., Bastien, F., Bosch, D., Pecher, A., Yirgu, G., Ayalew, D., Weis, D., Jerram, D.A., Keller, F., Meugniot, C. (2004) Flood and shield basalts from Ethiopia: Magmas from the African superswell. Jour. Petrol., v.45, pp.793–834
Kobayashi, K., Tanaka, R., Moriguti, T., Shimizu, K., Nakamura, E. (2004) Lithium, boron and lead isotope systematics of glass inclusionsin olivines from Hawaiian lavas: evidence for recycled components in the Hawaiian plume. Chem. Geol., v.212, pp.143–161
Kosiler, J., Magna, T., Mlcoch, B., Mixa, P., Ny´lt, D., Holub, F.V. (2009) Combined Sr, Nd, Pb and Li isotope geochemistry of alkalinelavas from northern James Ross Island (Antarctic Peninsula) andimplications for back-arc magma formation. Chem. Geol., v.258, pp.207–218
Krienitz, M.S., Garbe-Schonberg, C.D., Romer, R.L., Meixner, A., Haase, K.M., Stroncik, N.A. (2012) Lithium isotope variations in ocean island basalts: Implications for the development of mantle heterogeneity. Jour. Petrol., v.53, pp.2333–2347
Li, S.G., Xiao, Y.L., Liou, D.L., Chen, Y.Z., Ge, N.J., Zhang, Z.Q., Sun, S.S., Cong, B.L., Zhang, R.Y., Hart, S.R., Wang, S.S. (1993) Collision of the North China and Yangtze Blocks and formation of coesite bearing eclogites-timing and processes. Chem. Geol., v.109, pp.89–111
Lorand, J.P., Reisberg, L., Bedini, R.M., Horan, M.F., Brandon, A.D., Neal, C.R. (2003) Platinum-group elements and melt percolation processes in Sidamo spinel peridotite xenoliths, Ethiopia, East African Rift. Chem Geol., v.196, pp.57–75
McDonough, W.F., Sun, S.S. (1995) The composition of the Earth. Chem. Geol., v.120, pp.223–253
McDonough, W.F., Frey, F.A. (1989) Rare-earth elements in upper mantle rocks. Rev. Mineral. Geochem., v.21, pp.99–145
Meshesha, D., Shinjo, R., Matsumura, R., Chekol, T. (2011) Metasomatised lithospheric mantle beneath Turkana depression in southern Ethiopia (the East Africa Rift): geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic characteristics. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.162, pp.889–907
Lundstrom, C.C., Chaussidon, M., Hsui, A.T., Kelemen, P., Zimmerman, M. (2005) Observations of Li isotopic variations in the TrinityOphiolite: evidence for isotopic fractionation by diffusion duringmantle melting. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.69, pp.735–751
Magna, T., Wiechert, U., Halliday, A.N. (2006) New constraints on thelithium isotope compositions of the Moon and terrestrial planets. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.243(3–4), pp.336–353
Mallmann, G., O'Neill, H., Klemme, S. (2009) Heterogeneous distributionof phosphorus in olivine from otherwise well-equilibrated spinel peridotite xenoliths and its implications for the mantle geochemistry of lithium. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.158, pp.485–504
Marschall, H.R., Pogge von Strandmann, P.A.E., Seitz, H.M., Elliott, T., Niu, Y. (2007) The lithium isotopic composition of orogenic eclogitesand deep subducted slabs. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.262, pp.563–580
Menzies, M., Xu, Y.G., Zhang, H.F., Fan, W.M. (2007) Integration of geology, geophysics and geochemistry: a key to understanding the North China Craton. Lithos, v.96, pp.1–21
Mercier, J.C.C., Nicolas, A. (1975) Textures and fabrics of upper mantle peridotites as illustrated by basalt xenoliths. Jour. Petrol., v.16, pp.454– 487
Merla, G., Abbate, E., Azzaroli, A., Bruni, P., Canuti, P., Fazzuoli, M., Sagri M, Tacconi P (1973) A geological map of Ethiopia and Somalia (1973) 1:2,000,000 and comment with a map of major landforms. National Council of Research (CNR), Roma, Italy
Moriguti, T., Nakamura, E. (1998a) Across-arc variation of Li isotopesin lavas and implications for crust/mantle recycling at subductionzones. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.163, pp.167–174
Moriguti, T., Nakamura, E. (1998b) High-yield lithium separation andthe precise isotopic analysis for natural rock and aqueoussamples. Chem. Geol., v.145, pp.91–104
Mungall, J.E. (2002) Empirical models relating viscosity and tracerdiffusion in magmatic silicate melts. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, v.66, pp.125– 143
Nakamura, E., Kushiro, I. (1998) Trace element diffusion in jadeite anddiopside melts at high pressures and its geochemical implication. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.62, pp.3151–3160
Nishio, Y., Nakai, S., Yamamoto, J., Sumino, H., Matsumoto, T., Prikhod'ko, V.S., Arai, S. (2004) Lithium isotopic systematics ofthe mantle-derived ultramafic xenoliths: implications for EM1origin. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.217, pp.245–261
Nishio, Y., Nakai, S., Kogiso, T., Barsczus, H.G. (2005) Lithium, strontium, and neodymium isotopic compositions of oceanic island basalts in the Polynesian region: constraints on a Polynesian HIMU origin. Geochem. Jour., v.39, pp.91–103
Nyblade, A.A., Owens, T.J., Gurrola, H., Ritsema, J., Langston, C.A. (2000) Seismic evidence for a deep upper mantle thermal anomaly beneath east Africa. Geology, v.28, pp.599–602
Ottolini, L., Laporte, D., Raffone, N., Devidal, J.L., Le, F.B. (2009) Newexperimental determination of Li and B partition coefficientsduring upper mantle partial melting. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.157, pp.313– 325
Orlando, A., Abebe, T., Manetti, P., Santo, A.P., Corti, G. (2006) Petrology of mantle xenoliths from Megado and Dillo, Kenya rift, Southern Ethiopia. Ofioliti, v.31, pp.71–87
Parkinson, I.J., Hammond, S.J., James, R.H., Rogers, N.W. (2007) Hightemperaturelithium isotope fractionation: insights from lithiumisotope diffusion in magmatic systems. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.257, pp.609– 621
Pearson DG, Canil D, Shirey SB (2003) Mantle samples included in volcanic rocks:xenoliths and diamonds. In: Carlson RW. (Ed.), Treatise on Geochemistry, vol. 2. Elsevier Ltd., pp.171–275.
Piccardo, G.B., Zanetti, A., Muntener, O. (2007) Melt/peridotite interactionin the Southern Lanzo peridotite: field, textural andgeochemical evidence. Lithos, v.94, pp.181–209
Rampone, E., Romairone, A., Hofmann, A.W. (2004) Contrasting bulkand mineral chemistry in depleted peridotites: evidence forreactive porous flow. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.218, pp.491–506
Reisberg, L., Lorand, J.B., Bedini, R.M. (2004) Reliability of Os model ages in pervasively metasomatized continental lithosphere: a case study of Sidamo spinel peridotite xenoliths (East African Rift, Ethiopia). Chem Geol., v.208, pp.119–140
Richter, F.M., Davis, A.M., Depaolo, D.J., Watson, E.B. (2003) Isotopefractionation by chemical diffusion between molten basalts andrhyolite. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.67, pp.3905–3923
Rogers, S., Dautria, J.M., Coulon, C., Pik, R., Yirgu, G., Michard, A, Legros, P., Ayalew, D. (1999)An insight on the nature, composition and evolution of the lithospheric mantle beneath the north-western Ethiopian plateau;the ultrabasic xenoliths from the Tana Lake Province. Acta Vulcanol., v.11, pp.161–168
Rooney, O., Furman, T., Yirgu, G., Ayalew, D. (2005) Structure of Ethiopian lithosphere: xenoliths evidence in the main Ethiopian Rift. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.69, pp.3889–3910
Rudnick, R.L., McDonough, W.L., Chappell, B.W. (1993) Carbonatite metasomatism in the northern Tanzanian mantle: petrographic and geochemical characteristics. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.114, pp.463–475
Rudnick, R.L., Ionov, D.A. (2007) Lithium elemental and isotopicdisequilibrium in minerals from peridotite xenoliths from fareastRussia: product of recent melt/fluid-rock reaction. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.256, pp.278–293
Ryan, J.G., Kyle, P.R. (2004) Lithium abundance and lithium isotopevariations in mantle sources: insights from intraplate volcanicrocks from Ross Island and Marie Byrd Land (Antarctica) andother oceanic Islands. Chem. Geol., v.212, pp.125–142
Scholz, F., Hensen, C., Reitz, A., Romer, R.L., Liebetrau, V., Meixner, A., Weise, S.M., Haeckel, M. (2009) Isotopic evidence (87Sr/86Sr, δ7Li) for alteration of the oceaniccrust at deep-rooted mud volcanoes in the Gulf of Cadiz, NE Atlantic Ocean. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.73(18), pp.5444–5459
Seitz, H.M., Woodland, A.B. (2000) The distribution of lithium inperidotitic and pyroxenitic mantle lithologies-an indicator ofmagmatic and metasomatic processes. Chem. Geol., v.166, pp.47–64
Seitz, H.M., Brey, G.P., Lahaye, Y., Durali, S., Weyer, S. (2004) Lithium isotopic signatures of peridotite xenoliths and isotopic fractionationat high temperature between olivine and pyroxenes. Chem. Geol., v.212, pp.163– 177
Shinjo, R., Chekol, T., Meshesha, D., Tatsumi, Y., Itaya, T. (2010) Geochemistry and geochronology of the mafic lavas from the southeastern Ethiopian rift (the East African Rift System): assessment of models on magma sources, plume-lithosphere interaction and plume evolution. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.162, pp.209–230
Spath, A., Le Roex, A.P., Opiyo-Akech, N. (2001) Plume-Lithosphere Interaction and the Origin of Continental Rift-related Alkaline Volcanismthe Chyulu Hills Volcanic Province, Southern Kenya. Jour Petrol., v.42(4), pp.765–787
Stewart, K., Rogers, N. (1996) Mantle plume and lithosphere contributionsto basalts from southern Ethiopia. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.139, pp.195– 211
Su, B.X., Zhang, H.F., Deloule, E., Sakyi, P.A., Xiao, Y., Tang, Y.J., Hu, Y., Ying, J.F., Liu, P.P. (2012) Extremely high Li and low δ7Li signatures in the lithospheric mantle. Chem. Geol., v.292–293, pp.149–157
Su, B.X., Gu, X.Y., Deloule, E., Zhang, H.F., Li, Q.L., Li, X.H., Vigier, N., Tang, Y.J., Tang, G.Q., Liu, Y., Pang, K.N., Brewer, A., Mao, Q., Ma, Y.G. (2015) Potential Orthopyroxene, Clinopyroxene and OlivineReference Materials for In Situ Lithium Isotope Determination. Geostand. Geoanal. Res., v.39, pp.357–369
Su, B.X., Zhang, H.F., Deloule, E., Vigier, N., Sakyi, P.A. (2014) Lithium elemental and isotopic variations in rock-melt interaction. Chemie der Erde -Geochem, v.74(4), pp.705–713
Tang, Y.J., Zhang, H.F., Ying, J.F. (2007a) Review of the lithium isotopesystems as a geochemical tracer. Internat. Geol. Rev., v.49, pp.274–388
Tang, Y.J., Zhang, H.F., Nakamura, E., Moriguti, T., Kobayashi, K., Ying, J.F. (2007b) Lithium isotopic systematics of peridotite xenolithsfrom Hannuoba, North China Craton: implications for melt/rockinteraction in the considerably thinned lithospheric mantle. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta., v.71, pp.4327–4341
Tang, Y.J., Zhang, H.F., Deloule, E., Su, B.X., Ying, J.F., Xiao, Y., Hu, Y. (2012) Slab-derived lithium isotopic signatures in mantle xenoliths from northeastern North ChinaCraton. Lithos, v.149, pp.79–90
Tang,Y.J., Zhang, H.F., Nakamura, E., Moriguti, T., Kobayashi, K., Ying, J.F. (2007) Lithium isotopic systematics of peridotite xenoliths from Hannuoba, North China Craton: implications for melt/rock interaction in the considerably thinned lithospheric mantle. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.71, pp.4327–4341
Tang, Y.J., Zhang, H.F., Nakamura, E., Ying, J.F. (2011) Multistage melt/fluidperidotite interactions in the refertilized lithospheric mantle beneath the North China Craton: constraints from the Li–Sr–Nd isotopic disequilibrium between minerals of peridotite xenoliths. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.161, pp.845–861
Teklay, M., Scherer, E.E., Mezger, K., Danyushevsky, L. (2010) Geochemical characteristics and Sr-Nd-Hf isotope compositions of mantle xenoliths and host basalts from Assab, Eritrea: implications for the composition and thermal structure of the lithosphere beneath the Afar Depression. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.159, pp.731–751
Teng, F.Z., McDonough W.F., Rudnick R.L., Dalpe, C., Tomascak, P.B., Chappell, B.W., Gao, S. (2004) Lithium isotopic composition andconcentration of the upper continental crust. Geochim CosmochimActa 68:4167–4178
Teng FZ, McDonough WF, Rudnick RL, Walker RJ (2006) Diffusiondriven extreme lithium isotopic fractionation in countryrocks of the Tin Mountain pegmatite. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.243, pp.701–710
Teng, F.Z., Rudnick, R.L., McDonough, W.F., Gao, S., Tomascak, P.B., Liu, Y.S. (2008) Lithium isotopic composition and concentration ofthe deep continental crust. Chem. Geol., v.255, pp.47–59
Tomascak, P.B. (2004) Developments in the understanding and application of lithium isotopes in the earth and planetary sciences. In: Johnson, C.M., Beard, B.I., Albarede, F. (Eds.), Geochemistry of non-traditional stable isotope: reviews inmineralogy and geochemistry, vol 55. Mineral Society of America, Washington DC, pp.153–195
Tomascak, P.B., Tera, F., Helz, R., Walker, R.J. (1999) The absence oflithium isotope fractionation during basalt differentiation: new measurements by multicollector sector ICP-MS. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.63, pp.907– 910
Tomascak, P.B., Ryan, J.G., Defant, M.J. (2000) Lithium isotope evidence for light element decoupling in the Panama sub-arc mantle. Geology, v.28, pp.507–510
Tomascak, P.B., Widom, E., Benton, L.D., Goldstein, S.L., Ryan, J.G. (2002) The control of lithium budgets in island arcs. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.196, pp.227–238
Tomascak, P.B., Langmuir, C.H., le Roux, P.J., Shirey, S.B. (2008) Lithium isotopes in global mid-ocean ridge basalts. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.72, pp.1626–1637
Tommasini, S., Manetti, P., Innocenti, I., Sintoni, M.F., Conticelli, S., Abebe, T. (2005) The Ethiopian sub-continental mantle domains: Geochemical evidence from Cenozoic massif lavas. Mineral and Petrol., v.84, pp.259– 281
Toramaru, A., Fujii, N. (1986) Connectivity of melt phase in a partially molten peridotite. Jour Geophys. Res., v.91, pp.9239–9252.
Van Orman, J.A., Grove, T.L., Shimizu, N. (2001) Rare earth element diffusion in diopside: influence of temperature, pressure, andionic radius, and an elastic model for diffusion in silicates. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.141, pp.687–703
Vlaste´lic, I., Koga, K., Chauvel, C., Jacques G., Te´louk P. (2009) Survivalof lithium isotopic heterogeneities in the mantle supported by HIMU-lavas from Rurutu Island, Austral Chain. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.286, pp.456– 466
Von Bargen, N., Waff, H.S. (1986) Permeabilities, interfacial areas, and curvatures of partially molten systems: results of numerical computations of equilibrium microstructures. Jour. Geophys. Res., v.91, pp.9261–9276.
Wagner, C., Deloule, E. (2007) Behaviour of Li and its isotopes duringmetasomatism of French Massif Central lherzolites. Geochem. Cosmochem. Acta, v.71, pp.4279–4296
Weeraratne, D.S., Forsythe, D.W., Fischer, K.M., Nyblade, A.A. (2003)Evidence for an upper mantle plume beneath the Tanzanian craton from Rayleigh wave tomography. Jour. Geophys. Res., v.108, pp.24-27
Wolde, Gabriel, G., Aronson, J.L., Walter, R.C. (1990) Geology, geochronology and rift basin development in the central sector of theMain Ethiopia Rift. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v.102, pp.439–458
Woodland, A.B., Seitz, H.M., Yaxley, G.M. (2004) Varying behaviour of Li in metasomatised spinel peridotite xenoliths from western Victoria, Australia. Lithos, v.75, pp.55–66.
Wu, F.Y., Walker, R.J., Yang, Y.H., Yuan, H.L., Yang, J.H. (2006) The chemicaltemporal evolution of lithospheric mantle underlying the North China Craton. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.70, pp.5013–5034
Wunder, B., Meixner, A., Romer, R.L., Heinrich, W. (2006) Temperature dependent isotopic fractionation of lithium between clinopyroxene and high-pressure hydrous fluids. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.151, pp.112– 120
Xu, Y.G., Ma, J.L., Huang, X.L., Iizuk,a Y., Chung, S.L., Wan, Y.B., Wu, X.Y. (2004) Early Cretaceous gabbroic complex from Yinan, Shandong Province: petrogenesis and mantle domains beneath the North China Craton. Internat. Jour. Earth Sci., v.93, pp.1025–1041
Yakob, J.L., Feineman, M.D., Deane, Jr. J.A., Eggler, D.H., Penniston-Dorland, S.C. (2012) Lithium partitioning between olivine and diopside at upper mantle conditions:an experimental study. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.329– 330, pp.11–21
Yaxley, G.M., Crawford, A.J., Green, D.H. (1991) Evidence for carbonatite metasomatism in spinel peridotite xenoliths from western Victoria, Australia. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.107(2), pp.305–317
Yemane, T., Wolde Gebriel, G., Tesfaye, S., Berhe, S.M., Durary, S., Ebinger, C.J., Kelley, S. (1999) Temporal and geochemical characteristics ofTertiary Volcanic Rocks and tectonic history in the southern main Ethiopia Rift and the adjacent volcanic fields. Acta Vulcanol. v.11, pp.99–119
You, C.F., Chan, L.H. (1996) Precise determination of lithium isotopic composition in low concentration natural samples. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.60, pp.909–915.
Zack, T., Tomascak, P.B., Rudnick, R.L., Dalpe, C., McDonough, W.F. (2003) Extremely light Li in orogenic eclogites: the role ofisotope fractionation during dehydration in subducted oceaniccrust. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.208, pp.279–290.
Zanettine, B., Justin-Visentin, E., Nicoletti, M., Petrucciani, C. (1978) Theevolution of the Chencha escarpment and the Ganjuli graben(lake Abaya) in the southern Ethiopian rift. Neu. Jah. Fur Geol. Palaent., Monatsh, no.8, pp.473–490
Zhang, L., Chan, L.H., Gieskes, J.M. (1998) Lithium isotope geochemistryof pore waters, Ocean Drilling Program Sites 918 and 919, Irminger Basin. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.62, pp.2437–2450
Zhang, H.F., Goldstein, S.L., Zhou, X.H., Sun, M., Zheng, J.P., Cai, Y. (2008) Evolution of subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath easternChina: Re-Os isotopic evidence from mantle xenoliths inPaleozoic kimberlites and Mesozoic basalts. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.155, pp.271–293
Zhang, H.F., Deloule, E., Tang, Y.J., Ying, J.F. (2010) Melt/rock interaction in remains of re-fertilized Archean lithospheric mantle in Jiaodong Peninsula, North China Craton: Li isotopic evidence. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.160, pp.261–277.
