Geomorphic Imprints of Active Tectonics of the Bikaner-Nagaur Petroliferous Rift Basin and its Surroundings (Western Rajasthan, India)
Authors
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Department of Geography, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata - 700 073
Mery Biswas -
Department of Geography, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata - 700 073
Adrija Raha
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Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400 076
Soumyajit Mukherjee
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Department of Geology, K. J. Somaiya College of Science and Commerce, Vidyanagar, Vidya Vihar East, Ghatkopar East, Mumbai - 400 077
Vinit Shailesh Kotak
Keywords:
No Keywords.Abstract
Geology of sedimentary rift-basins require strong geomorphic input for a proper interpretation of active tectonics. Rift-related sedimentation took place in western Rajasthan of the Indian shield, which includes the Bikaner-Nagaur basin (BNB) and a few other adjacent basins. The sedimentation history of the BNB includes Proterozoic, Cambrian, Permo-Carboniferous and from Paleocene to the Recent. This study analyses river profiles with the best-fit curve (R2) model for the BNB and the surrounding regions. The research shows that the watershed 3 within the study area is most active tectonically, through which multiple faults and lineaments pass. Hypsometric Curves (HCs) of watersheds 1, 2 and 3 indicate that these watersheds are tectonically active. This inference is based on the concave profiles of HCs at the head, and convex profiles of HCs at the body and toe sections. Clustering of sixty segments (S) of the considered rivers based on linear-scale morphometric parameters, e.g., sinuosity index (SI), stream length gradient index (SL) and concavity (θ) enabled segment-wise comparison of river profiles with similar values. These segments were compared pair-wise, and Euclidean-based dissimilarity (dR) values were calculated between each such pair. The findings too imply that tectonic activeness exists in parts of watersheds 1, 2 and 3. The channel flow lines are controlled by faults/lineaments as per the micro-scale examination of the drainage network and faults/lineaments analysis. Under structural control, nine major geomorphic units emerged with distinct erosional surfaces, denudational hillocks, dissected hills and inselbergs. Detailed geomorphic map with micro-scale studies revealed a slope retreat process that resulted in landforms viz., pediment, pediment slope and active flood plains.
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